Document Type : Original research papers
Authors
1
Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, International Coastal Road, Gamasa 35712, Egypt Email: Ahmed.abdelaleem@deltauniv.edu.eg
2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Delta University for Science& Technology , Gamasa City, Dakhliya, Egypt
3
Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science& Technology, Gamasa City 35712, Dakhliya, Egypt.
Abstract
The performance analysis of a Raman scattering amplifier based on Germania-doped silica fiber shows that the gain (G) of each channel depends significantly on the channel central wavelength (λch), the pump wavelength (λp), and the Raman amplifier length (L). The gain for each channel is influenced by Raman amplifier parameters such as the Raman gain coefficient (gr) and the attenuation coefficient (α), both of which are functions of the channel wavelength. Additionally, the refractive index of the fiber material is affected by λch.
The final gain for the three types of pumps is evaluated based on published references. The attenuation of the pump signal remains constant when the pump wavelength (λp) is constant. However, the attenuation of the channel signals decreases with increasing wavelength up to 1550 nm and then increases for wavelengths greater than 1550 nm. In this wavelength range, the Raman gain coefficient (grxT) decreases. The final gain is independent of the type of pump (forward, backward, or dual).
For instance, with a core radius (a = 3.5 μm), a Germania dopant ratio (x = 3%), λp= 1.48 μm, a temperature of 300 K, and L = 50 km, the gain for channel 1 (Gch1) is 622.7, while for channel 48 (Gch48) it is 503.7, resulting in a variation rate (Rv) of -19.11%. At L = 100 km, the gain for channel 1 (Gch1) is 112.81, while for channel 48 (Gch48) it is 91.53, yielding a variation rate (Rv) of -18.86%. The gain decreases with increasing L. The maximum gain occurs with L equals the optimum Raman amplifier length (LGpeak). As the value of λch increases, the gain of each channel in the 48-channel WDM system (for wavelengths ranging from 1529.55 to 1567.13 nm) decreases.
The channel bandwidth (ΔF) also decreases with increasing λch. The bandwidth decreases from ΔFch1 = 99.9694 GHz to ΔFch48 =95.3282 GHz.
It is essential to consider the dependence of the channel gain on the central wavelength of the channel when designing optical communication links.
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