Implications of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Review

Abdelhamid, Mohammad; Tawfik, Mohamed Abdel-Monem; Marzook, Hamdy Abdelmegeed; Yousef, Eman Abdel Salam

doi:10.21608/dusj.2023.318633

Implications of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Review

Document Type : Original research papers

Authors

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Mansoura, Egypt.

² Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

10.21608/dusj.2023.318633

Abstract

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that is superior to PRP due to its mechanical and non-biochemical preparation and ability to slow down proteolysis and the rapid degradation of growth factors. The original preparation was used to produce various PRF variants; including sticky bone, advanced PRF (A-PRF), and injectable PRF (I-PRF). PRF is formed by fractioning autologous blood into elements that enhance wound healing and elements that do not, which are suspended in a fibrin matrix for preservation and slow release during healing. PRF is a flexible fibrin clot that can be tailored to a variety of tissue defect forms and can be prepared without anticoagulation. It can be molded into pellets, divided into smaller pieces, mixed with bone grafts, or flattened and utilized as a membrane. PRF is an osteoconductive scaffold that can be used to reconstruct cystic lesions and promote bone reformation. In addition, PRF can enhance wound healing and improve ridge preservation by introducing growth factors, angiogenic cytokines, and positive inflammatory cytokines. PRF in secondary alveolar cleft bone grafting (SABG) was found to improve gingival zenith when combined with iliac crest bone grafts. Studies have shown that I-PRF and A-PRF with iliac bone grafts in SABG reduce postoperative bone resorption, provide higher bone density, and provide functional and aesthetic support.

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